Local official Pierre-Alain Nemitz says the move is part of an effort to reclaim hundreds of thousands of dollars in unpaid taxes.
He says a law from 1904 allows the village to kill dogs if its owner does not pay the canine charge.
Nemitz told the AP on Monday that authorities have received death threats since news of the plan got out.
"This isn't about a mass execution of dogs," Nemitz said. "It's meant to put pressure on people who don't cooperate."
