When they arrived, flames were shooting from the second and third floors of the complex.
First responders made a fast attack, but the flames were spreading through a common attic in the building, officials said. A second alarm was pulled for additional manpower and resources.
Officials said about eight to 12 units were affected. Six units were damaged by fire, and all 12 apartments sustained extensive water damage.
One firefighter had breathing problems and had to be rescued. He was treated at the scene and released.
No other injuries were reported.
Cy-Fair VFD is working with apartment managers and Red Cross to relocate displaced residents.