Troopers said they tried to stop the bike traveling along I-45 on Saturday evening, but the driver wouldn't stop.
The motorcyclist was weaving in and out of traffic, trying to evade law enforcement, when he eventually hit a barrier near the South Loop, DPS said.
Troopers said the driver was critically injured and rushed to the hospital.
Houston TranStar cameras showed traffic snarled as investigators worked the scene.